The art of argumentation does not yield its rights in war situations. On the contrary, the preparation of conflicts, the conduct of operations and the reconstruction of peace are intense moments of persuasion, negotiation and confrontation in which public speaking occupies its full place.

To defend its territory and constitute its army, the French Republic engaged into deep military reforms after French-Prussian war. Numerous military buildings were then built or modernized.

Protestantism is generally considered external to Lorraine. However, the geopolitical diversity of the Lorraine area in Early Modern Era, then its tragic partition, make this territory a place of contrasted diffusion of Protestant reforms, in their diversity.

What is Gothic architecture? The nine essays in this book offer an unprecedented answer to this question.

The significant changes that labor is experiencing in recent years have encouraged historical studies on the precariousness and flexibility of work. Far from being a prerogative of current societies, the mobility of workers has also characterized the working world of the Ancien Régime.

During the Early Modern period, the court of France offered a particularly favorable arena of action to the many women who formed the entourage of queens and princesses. Drawing upon a broad variety of sources, this volume explores their functions and status in courtly society, as well as the evolving roles of women in the circles of power, from...

Wars do not break out without preparation. This book underlines unknown political and cultural warning signs that occurred during the decades preceding the year 1914.

Although civil wars remain consubstantial with any form of society, structurally and circumstantially threatened with splitting, or even bursting and, therefore, tipping into a multiform and often paroxysmal violence, this type of conflict has long struggled to find its place in the scientific field.

While historiography often insists on the French-German antagonism dominating the period 1870 to 1918, a new analysis of the « hereditary enmity" allows on the contrary to highlight contacts, links and exchanges between the two countries.