In Rouergue (south of France), exceptionally well-preserved archives shed light on an essential but little-known fact of the Middle Ages: the way in which municipal governments emerged and were built up in the dense network of small towns in the Latin West during the 12th-13th centuries. Read More
From the 12th to the 14th century in the Latin West, the "Writing Revolution" accompanied the birth and development of municipal governments. While these are well-studied for the 14th-15th centuries, the mechanisms of their emergence and construction in the 12th-13th centuries remain poorly understood, particularly in the small towns that make up most of the medieval urban West. The towns of Rouergue, in the south of France, have left behind a wealth of archives. From the second half of the 12th century onwards, these small urban societies were laboratories for the social, political, legal and scriptural innovations of their time. Forming self-represented communities, they gradually built up legitimate municipal institutions – called “consulates” – in order to govern the town with relative autonomy and to take part in the game of seigneurial and royal powers.